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Mystery of 2012

By | Published Kamis, 06 Desember 2012

unsolved mystery - It began with the Mayan calendar - a startling astrological artifact that reaches its end point in the year 2012. As major spiritual traditions, independent researchers, and archaeological findings all point toward this date as a critical moment in human history, readers everywhere are starting to ask the same question: What will happen in 2012? For the first time, the leading authorities on the 2012 phenomenon are all given voice in a single book: 2012 - An invaluable resource for readers who want to learn more about this time of change, this fascinating book features essays from dozens of prominent thinkers, including: Gregg Braden's examination of the scientific evidence for a shift in the earth's magnetic field - and how it will affect all life; Barbara Marx Hubbard's and Peter Russell's explorations of the "accelerating pace of evolution" - why we may literally be transforming into a new species; John Major Jenkins' journey to the source for answers: the original Mayan calendar.

source :http://books.google.co.id/books/about/The_Mystery_of_2012.html?id=Gr_wPo579jUC&redir_esc=y


From http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/361458943 source : billy's riview 
 
I've watched many documentaries concerning the 2012 phenomenon and am very interested in the history and the science of all of it. I'm not too interested in the new-age stuff. Hence, my 3 star review...

I got this book expecting more of the history and the science. There are several chapters that discuss the history of the Mayan calendar and the various other historical societies that have pointed to the date of 12/21/2012. There are a few chapters that cover the science of the galactic alignment and the movement of the heavenly bodies through space and time. All of these I found to be very interesting and informative.

The majority of the book covers the warm-and-fuzzies of this approaching date; the "oneness" of mankind, the universal love type view of what we can do to make the date a good thing. Problem is, we don't know that the date will be bad. I'm not a "new-age" kind of guy, but I don't mind reading about it. These sections were interesting if not somewhat off the mark for me personally.

Still, the read was interesting on the whole and I can recommend it to anyone that has a genuine interest in the 2012 period of history. Don't expect any physics or major historical explanations, but you can expect to be informed from every angle.

I think, in the end, the fact that this book really does take the time to view this coming date from every angle, every viewpoint from the physical to the spiritual to the historical, that I lean toward a higher rating becuase, at the least, it is fair in providing a fair and balanced look at the topic.

But, if all you want is the history or the scientific, keep on looking; trust me, you don't want to wade through the "fluff" for the few facts.

Good luck!
I have since read The 2012 Story by John Major Jenkins and would recommend this read to those who want the history, archaeology, astronomy (without the hocum) and science behind the date. This is a much more throrough, although somewhat slanted by the author's opinion (but not so much so that it ruins the book), look at the "practical" story of the Mayans and their calendar. Enjoy! 

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Astronomical Alignments of Ancient Structures

By | Published Senin, 01 Oktober 2012


Unsolved mystery - I have grasped the stake... I take the measuring cord in the company of Seshat. I consider the progressive movements of the stars. My eye is fixed upon the Bull's Thigh [Ursa Major]. I count off time ..... and establish the corners of the Temple.

The above text is an inscription from the Temple of Horus at Edfu accompanying the relief showing "Stretching the Cord" Ceremony.
The Pharaoh and the Goddess Seshat, planting stakes linked by
a looped rope, participate in the 'Stretching the Cord' ceremony.
 A Great Circle drawn through the celestial poles divides the sky, marking out a point on the celestial equator from which measurement can begin. This is what is meant by 'Stretching the Cord', creating the first path across the trackless waste.

The Mayan celebration of the establishment of creation is a description of the process of surveying the world:
'Great is the recital, the history of the time when all the corners of the sky and earth were completed, and the quadrangulation, its measure, the four points, the measuring of the corners, the measuring of the lines, in heaven, in earth, at the four corners'  (From the Mayan text of The Popul Vuh)
A more recent translation makes this even clearer; 'The fourfold siding, fourfold cornering, measuring, fourfold staking, halving the cord, stretching the cord in the sky, on the earth, / the four sides, the four corners as it is said '

The pillars which support the sky are to be regarded as benchmarks, boundary stones put down to enable an order to be imposed upon chaos, and a measure to be made of the earth. However, it should be apparent after all this discussion of the 'corners of the earth', that it is not the earth we walk about on that is of concern here. This particular 'earth' is not only square but flat. Exactly what this means will soon become clear. We should recall that it is the matter of Time that is being measured in this surveying process. This is the process that the prophet Enoch describes when, during his vision he asks his guide to explain the actions of the angels they see:

'Wherefore have they taken those long ropes and gone forth? He said 'They are gone forth to measure. These measures shall reveal all the secrets of the depths of the earth' (Book of Enoch ch. LX v. 2-6)

The process these Angels were going forth to conduct must have been similar to that ceremony which in Egypt was known as 'stretching the rope' and which accompanied the commencement of any building project, thus relating its construction to the original founding of the earth.

In the Old Testament Book of Job, God challenges Job to answer:

'Where wast thou when I laid the foundations of the earth? ..Who decided the dimensions of it... or who stretched the measuring line across it? What supports its pillars at their bases? (Jerusalem Bible tr.)'

 This process of surveying the foundations of creation reappears in the verses of the Rig Veda which tell how Varuna made fast the earth and heaven, and here we are told specifically that he did so by using the sun as a measure, and as a commentary on these verses points out, 'we must take this measure as a measuring line'.
As if to emphasise the importance of this role of surveying, the Chinese deities responsible for creation come equipped with compass and plumbline.

What all this means is that the 'bindings' which hold heaven and earth together are to be taken also as plumblines which stretch out the measures of creation across the circle of the stars. It is a particular state of order that is being held fast.

Representations of the cosmos constructed in this way appear again and again, often in unlikely places.
An elemental one is the rectilinear cross which appears on the English flag ( the Royal Orb is a more complete image, including as it does the spherical universe bounded by the cross). Another more detailed example from China comes in the form of a series of mirrors known as the TVL mirrors, because of their decorative patterns, described as follows:

'The four T's that stand around the square earth are the four cardinal points. These lie at the extremities of the two cosmic lines or ropes which cross the universe and hold it together; the T's comprise a vertical prop which supports a horizontal beam; the four V's mark the four corners of heaven. The four L's represent devices used by carpenters to set a straight line...thus they symbolize the ends of the two cosmic lines as if they had been drawn with the help of such an instrument.'
[Related link:  http://www2.uiuc.edu/unit/ATAM/archaeometallurgy/chimir.html ]
Bronze Mirror, 7th Century
 
 For the Maya people today this kind of creation is still repeated as part of ceremonies to restore the correct balance of the world. David Freidel describes a ceremony he witnessed to bring to an end a prolonged drought. The officiant (referred to as h-men, 'a do-er') constructed an altar known as a 'sky-tree'. A table is overarched by four saplings bent to intersect above its centre. From this intersection is hung a circular platform referred to as the 'the sky-platform' .

'Sturdy vines of a kind called xtab ka'anil, 'the 'cords of the sky', completed the arches to form the 'sky tree'. In the Yukatek language, the words for 'sky' and the number 'four' are near homophones and frequently substitute for each other in the ancient writing system'.
Source: http://www.mythofcreation.co.uk/CreationText/Creation4_1text.htm

Mysterious Alignment of Ancient Sites of the World




 The sites: Giza, Siwa, Tassili n'Ajjer, Paratoari, Ollantaytambo, Machupicchu, Nazca, Easter Island, Aneityum Island, Preah Vihear, Sukhothai, Pyay, Khajuraho, Mohenjo Daro, Persepolis, Ur, Petra  are shown clockwise from Giza on the equal azimuthal projection. below. The projection is centered on the axis point in southeastern Alaska. Distances to any location from the center of an equal azimuthal projection are equally scaled. Since all of the sites on the great circle alignment are equally distant from the axis point at one quarter of the circumference of the earth, the alignment forms a perfect circle halfway between the center and the outer edge of the projection.
 The locations of world's ancient sites on a global scale is puzzling on its own. However, our discussion is focused on astronomical alignments of these sites and their monuments.

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Mystery of Black hole

By | Published Jumat, 13 Juli 2012

Unsolved Mystery - Observations with CSIRO's Australia Telescope Compact Array have confirmed that astronomers have found the first known "middleweight" black hole.
Outbursts of super-hot gas observed with a CSIRO radio telescope have clinched the identity of the first known "middleweight" black hole, Science Express reports.
Called HLX-1 ("hyper-luminous X-ray source 1"), the black hole lies in a galaxy called ESO 243-49, about 300 million light-years away.
Before it was found, astronomers had good evidence for only supermassive black holes -- ones a million to a billion times the mass of the Sun -- and "stellar mass" ones, three to thirty times the mass of the Sun.


Galaxy ESO 243-49, about 300 million light-years away, is home to the newly found black hole. An arrow shows the location of the black hole HLX-1 in the galaxy ESO 243-49. (Credit: NASA, ESA and S. Farrell (U. Sydney)


"This is the first object that we're really sure is an intermediate-mass black hole," said Dr Sean Farrell, an ARC Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Sydney and a member of the research team, which included astronomers from France, Australia, the UK and the USA.
Since 2010 the researchers have been studying the black hole with CSIRO's Compact Array radio telescope near Narrabri, NSW.
CSIRO's Dr Ron Ekers, who studies supermassive black holes in the centres of galaxies, said "We don't know for sure how supermassive black holes form, but they might come from medium-size ones merging. So finding evidence of these intermediate-mass black holes is exciting."
HLX-1 was discovered by chance in 2009, because it stood out as a very bright X-ray source.
As gas from a star or gas cloud is being sucked into a black hole, it is heated to extreme temperatures and shines in X-rays.
"A number of other bright X-ray sources have been put forward as possibly being middleweight black holes. But all of those sources could be explained as resulting from lower mass black holes," Dr Farrell said. "Only this one can't. It is ten times brighter than any of those other candidates. We are sure this is an intermediate-mass black hole -- the very first."
Since 2010 the researchers have been studying the black hole with CSIRO's Compact Array radio telescope near Narrabri, NSW.
"From studying other black holes we know that sucking in the gas creates X-rays, but there's then a sort of reflux, with the region around the black hole shooting out jets of high-energy particles that hit gas around the black hole and generate radio waves," said Dr Farrell.
"So what we tend to see is the X-ray emission and then, a day or two or even a few days later, the source flaring up in radio waves."
By looking at the source's X-ray output, the researchers predicted two occasions when it should also be brightening in radio waves -- and they were right both times.
Dr Farrell speculates that a companion star traverses a very eccentric orbit around the black hole. When the companion comes close, the black hole strips gas from its partner, and it is this that gives rise to the X-ray flaring.
The brightness of the X-ray and radio flares have allowed the team to put an upper limit on the mass of the black hole of 90,000 times the mass of the Sun. However, Dr Farrell says that this is a conservative estimate, and for a variety of reasons a lower figure of around 20,000 solar masses is more likely.
Why have we found only this one confirmed intermediate-mass black hole? "There maybe lots of others out there that are not currently feeding, and so are not detectable, or are feeding at a very low rate, so they don't stand out as intermediate-mass black holes," Dr Ekers said.
HLX-1 may have been the central black hole of a low-mass "dwarf" galaxy, Dr Farrell speculates; a dwarf galaxy that was swallowed by the larger galaxy ESO 243-49, just as our own Milky Way Galaxy has swallowed dwarf galaxies. There is evidence of star-formation about HLX-1, which would be consistent with a "plunging dwarf." The research team is now looking for other signs of disturbance around the site of the black hole, such as gas streams, which would also support this idea.

Source : http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/07/120709102720.htm

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Early Human Ancestor, Australopithecus Sediba, Fossils Discovered in Rock

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Unsolved mystery - Scientists from the Wits Institute for Human Evolution based at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg have just announced the discovery of a large rock containing significant parts of a skeleton of an early human ancestor. The skeleton is believed to be the remains of 'Karabo', the type skeleton of Australopithecus sediba, discovered at the Malapa Site in the Cradle of Humankind in 2009.


This is the tooth of a hominid embedded in a rock containing significant parts of a skeleton of an early human ancestor. The skeleton is believed to be the remains of "Karabo", the type skeleton of Australopithecus sediba, discovered at the Malapa Site in the Cradle of Humankind in 2009. (Credit: University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg)


Professor Lee Berger, a Reader in Palaeoanthropology and the Public Understanding of Science at the Wits Institute for Human Evolution, will make the announcement at the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum in Shanghai, China on 13 July 2012.
"We have discovered parts of a jaw and critical aspects of the body including what appear to be a complete femur (thigh bone), ribs, vertebrae and other important limb elements, some never before seen in such completeness in the human fossil record," says Berger. "This discovery will almost certainly make Karabo the most complete early human ancestor skeleton ever discovered. We are obviously quite excited as it appears that we now have some of the most critical and complete remains of the skeleton, albeit encased in solid rock. It's a big day for us as a team and for our field as a whole."
Professor Lee Berger, a Reader in Palaeoanthropology and the Public Understanding of Science at the Wits Institute for Human Evolution, will make the announcement at the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum in Shanghai, China on 13 July 2012.
"We have discovered parts of a jaw and critical aspects of the body including what appear to be a complete femur (thigh bone), ribs, vertebrae and other important limb elements, some never before seen in such completeness in the human fossil record," says Berger. "This discovery will almost certainly make Karabo the most complete early human ancestor skeleton ever discovered. We are obviously quite excited as it appears that we now have some of the most critical and complete remains of the skeleton, albeit encased in solid rock. It's a big day for us as a team and for our field as a whole."


Source : http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/07/120712162744.htm

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Centuries-Old Maya Blue Mystery Finally Solved

By | Published Jumat, 06 Juli 2012

Unsolved mystery - Anthropologists from Wheaton College (Illinois) and The Field Museum have discovered how the ancient Maya produced an unusual and widely studied blue pigment that was used in offerings, pottery, murals and other contexts across Mesoamerica from about A.D. 300 to 1500.


First identified in 1931, this blue pigment (known as Maya Blue) has puzzled archaeologists, chemists and material scientists for years because of its unusual chemical stability, composition and persistent color in one of the world's harshest climates.
The anthropologists solved another old mystery, namely the presence of a 14-foot layer of blue precipitate found at the bottom of the Sacred Cenote (a natural well) at Chichén Itzá. This remarkably thick blue layer was discovered at the beginning of the 20th century when the well was dredged.
Chichén Itzá, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, is an important pre-Columbian archeological site built by the Maya who lived on what is now the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico.
The findings from this research will be published online Feb. 26, 2008, by the prestigious British journal Antiquity and will appear in the print version of the quarterly journal to be released in early March.
According to 16th Century textual accounts, blue was the color of sacrifice for the ancient Maya. They painted human beings blue before thrusting them backwards on an altar (see below for image) and cutting their beating heart from their bodies. Human sacrifices were also painted blue before they were thrown into the Sacred Cenote at Chichén Itzá. In addition, blue was used on murals, pottery, copal incense, rubber, wood and other items thrown into the well.
The new research concludes that the sacrificial blue paint found at this site was not just any pigment. Instead, it was the renowned Maya Blue -- an important, vivid, virtually indestructible pigment.
Maya Blue is resistant to age, acid, weathering, biodegradation and even modern chemical solvents. It has been called "one of the great technological and artistic achievements of Mesoamerica."

The altar on the Temple of the Warriors at Chichén Itzá upon which human sacrifices were made. The altar was painted blue. After human victims were stripped, painted blue, and thrust back down on the altar, their beating hearts were removed. (Credit: Photo by Dean E. Arnold, Courtesy of Dean E. Arnold)

Scientists have long known that the remarkably stable Maya Blue results from a unique chemical bond between indigo and palygorskite, an unusual clay mineral that, unlike most clay minerals, has long interior channels. Several studies have found that Maya Blue can be created by heating a mixture of palygorskite with a small amount of indigo, but they have not been able to discover how the ancient Maya themselves actually produced the pigment.
The new research shows that at Chichén Itzá the creation of Maya Blue was actually a part of the performance of rituals that took place alongside the Sacred Cenote. Specifically, the indigo and palygorskite were fused together with heat by burning a mixture of copal incense, palygorskite and probably the leaves of the indigo plant. Then the sacrifices were painted blue and thrown into the Sacred Cenote.
"These sacrifices were aimed at placating the rain god Chaak," said Dean E. Arnold, Professor of Anthropology at Wheaton College, Research Associate at The Field Museum and lead author of the study. "The ritual combination of these three materials, each of which was used for healing, had great symbolic value and ritualistic significance.
"The Maya used indigo, copal incense and palygorskite for medicinal purposes," Arnold continued. "So, what we have here are three healing elements that were combined with fire during the ritual at the edge of the Sacred Cenote. The result created Maya Blue, symbolic of the healing power of water in an agricultural community."
Rain was critical to the ancient Maya of northern Yucatan. From January through mid-May there is little rain -- so little that the dry season could be described as a seasonal drought. "The offering of three healing elements thus fed Chaak and symbolically brought him into the ritual in the form a bright blue color that hopefully would bring rainfall and allow the corn to grow again," Arnold said.
Museum collections play key role
One of the keys to solving the mystery of Maya Blue production was a three-footed pottery bowl (Field Museum catalog number 1969.189262; see below for reference to image) containing rarely preserved copal dredged from the Sacred Cenote at Chichén Itzá in 1904 and traded to The Field Museum in the 1930s. Preserved in the copal were fragments of a white substance and blue pigment. Using The Field Museum's scanning electron microscope, the authors studied these inclusions and found signatures for palygorskite and indigo. From this they concluded that the Maya produced Maya Blue as part of their sacrificial ceremonies.
"This study documents the analytical value of museum collections for resolving long-standing research questions," said Gary Feinman, Curator of Anthropology at The Field Museum and co-author of the study.
But other knowledge was necessary to understand the significance of the bowl and the hardened copal it contains.
"This study required documentary, ethnographic and experimental research to establish the full context and use of the artifacts," Feinman said. "Our work emphasizes the potential rewards of scientific work on old museum collections. It also shows that scientific analysis is necessary but not sufficient for understanding museum objects."
It is this broad knowledge coupled with the scientific analysis that has enabled the scientists to finally -- after more than 100 years -- explain the thick layer of blue precipitate at the bottom of the Sacred Cenote at Chichén Itzá.
Already knowing that Maya Blue was central to Maya ritualistic sacrifices together with discovering that the pigment was produced right beside the Cenote solved the mystery of the 14-foot layer of blue precipitate: So many sacrifices -- from pots to more than 100 human beings -- were thrown into the Sacred Cenote that ultimately a layer of the pigment washed off the sacrifices and settled at the bottom of the well. (Although fully formed Maya Blue is extremely durable, it can be washed off with water, especially if there is no binder to help it adhere to the object on which it is placed.)
Other objects in The Field Museum's collections may reveal more information about Maya Blue, the scientists said. For example, identification of the plant materials on the bottom of the copal incense in other bowls dredged from the Sacred Cenote at Chichén Itzá could reveal which portions of the indigo plant were used to make Maya Blue.
"The Field Museum's collection was critical in solving this mystery," Arnold concluded. "This bowl has been in the collection for 75 years yet only now have we been able to use it in discovering the ancient Maya technology of making Maya Blue."
The other co-authors of this research are Jason Branden from Northwestern University, and Patrick Ryan Williams and J.P. Brown, both from The Field Museum.


Source : http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/02/080226162953.htm

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scientists Explore Hidden World of Ancient Maritime Maya

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Unsolved mystery - NOAA-sponsored explorers are searching a wild, largely unexplored and forgotten coastline for evidence and artifacts of one of the greatest seafaring traditions of the ancient New World, where Maya traders once paddled massive dugout canoes filled with trade goods from across Mexico and Central America. One exploration goal is to discover the remains of a Maya trading canoe, described in A.D. 1502 by Christopher Columbus' son Ferdinand, as holding 25 paddlers plus cargo and passengers.


Explorers sit atop the ancient Maya pyramid at Vista Alegre. The pyramid stands 35-feet tall and may have been used by Maya lookouts to monitor approaching and departing canoes. (Credit: Image courtesy of Proyecto Costa Escondida Maritime Maya 2011 Expedition, NOAA-OER)


Through the end of May, the team is exploring the remote jungle, mangrove forests and lagoons at the ancient port site of Vista Alegre ("happy view" in Spanish) where the Caribbean meets the Gulf of Mexico at the northeastern tip of the Yucatan Peninsula. Scientists believe the port was part of an important trading network and was used at various times between about 800 B.C. and A.D. 1521, the date scholars use to designate the start of Spanish rule.
"The maritime Maya have been described much like ancient seagoing Phoenicians. They traded extensively in a wide variety of goods, such as bulk cotton and salt, and likely incense from tree sap called copal, jade, obsidian, cacao, Quetzal and other tropical bird feathers, and even slaves," said Dominique Rissolo, Ph.D., expedition co-chief scientist and director of the Waitt Institute in La Jolla, Calif. "Maya trade was far-ranging between the Veracruz coast of modern Mexico and the Gulf of Honduras, with each port a link in a chain connecting people and ideas. Yet there is still much to learn about the extensive history and importance of the maritime Maya and how they adapted to life by the sea."
"Maritime economies were strengthened and far-ranging trade routes were established between A.D. 850 and 1100," said Jeffrey Glover, Ph.D., expedition co-chief scientist with Georgia State University's Department of Anthropology in Atlanta. "It was during this time when the Maya at Chichen Itza relied increasingly on maritime commerce to maintain and extend control over much of the Yucatan peninsula. The period most associated with Maya seafaring followed, between A.D. 1100 and 1521."
Recent archaeological work at Vista Alegre included completion of an architectural map of the site, test excavations to obtain cultural materials, and a 13-mile reconnaissance of coastal environments that revealed a number of small ancient and historical sites and cultural features.
During expeditions at the port site in 2005 and 2008, explorers mapped 29 structures including platforms, mounds, raised causeways, and a concrete-filled 35-foot tall, steep-sided pyramid that dominates the central plaza and appears to have been heavily damaged by hurricanes. Explorers believe the summit of the pyramid was also used by lookouts to monitor approaching and departing canoes. In addition to the features on the island, a narrow walkway connects the port to a collapsed and looted temple 0.8 miles away on the mainland.
The expedition team also includes co-chief scientists Patricia Beddows, Ph.D., of Northwestern University's Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences in Evanston, Illinois; Beverly Goodman, Ph.D., of the Leon Charnet School of Marines Sciences at the University of Haifa, Israel; and Derek Smith, of the University of Washington Department of Biology. Emily McDonald of NOAA's Office of Ocean Exploration and Research is on the team to coordinate Web coverage.
Two scientists from Mexico and a small number of U.S. students will join parts of the expedition, which will also provide post-expedition technical reports to the Mexican National Institute of Anthropology and History. A goal of the exploration is to enable Mexico to better protect and preserve its coastal and submerged cultural resources.
The explorers are contending with many of the same challenges that faced ancient Maya seafarers, including shelter -- as some team members will be in tents and slung hammocks -- the remoteness of the area that is accessible only by boat, the scarcity of fresh water, the possibility of tropical storms, and the danger and nuisance of a variety of local inhabitants, including mosquitoes, snakes, spiders and crocodiles.
"The Maya largely had to live off the land in this remote area where they found and used resources to survive. Like them, we have to search for scarce fresh water, but our challenges are more about making the research work in less than optimal conditions. It will involve some good MacGyvering," said Glover, referring to the television actor who used ingenuity and materials at hand to invent his way out of a fix.
The expedition is part of Proyecto Costa Escondida (Hidden Coast Project), a long-term interdisciplinary research effort co-directed by Glover and Rissolo and focused on the dynamic relationship between the Maya and their coastal landscape.


Source : http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/05/110523080535.htm

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Discovery of the First Evidence for Pre-Columbian Sources of Maya Blue

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UNsolved mystery - Once again, science and anthropology have teamed up to solve questions concerning the fascinating, brilliantly hued pigment known as Maya Blue. Impervious to the effects of chemical or physical weathering, the pigment was applied to pottery, sculpture, and murals in Mesoamerica largely during the Classic and Postclassic periods (AD 250-1520), playing a central role in ancient Maya religious practice. This unusual blue paint was used to coat the victims of human sacrifice and the altars on which they were dispatched.


Small tripod grater bowl from Chichen Itza decorated with the pigment known as Maya Blue. The bowl was officially accessioned by the Field Museum in 1897 after having been collected by Edward Thompson in 1896. (Credit: Sarah Rivers)
 

For some time, scientists have known that Maya Blue is formed through the chemical combination of indigo and the clay mineral palygorskite. Only now, however, have researchers established a link between contemporary indigenous knowledge and ancient sources of the mineral.
In a paper published online in the Journal of Archaeological Science on March 16, 2012, researchers from Wheaton College, The Field Museum of Natural History, the United States Geological Survey, California State University of Long Beach, and the Smithsonian Institution, demonstrated that the palygorskite component in some of the Maya Blue samples came from mines in two locations in Mexico's northern Yucatan Peninsula.
Research on sources for palygorskite has been ongoing since the late 1960's. Through a combination of ethnographic research and mineralogical analyses, Dean E. Arnold, Professor of Anthropology at Wheaton College, and now Adjunct Curator of Anthropology at The Field Museum, discovered that palygorskite was well known among indigenous potters of Ticul, Yucatán. These contemporary Maya used palygorskite as a key component of pottery and also prescribed the mineral for medicinal purposes. Indigenous knowledge further extends to sources of palygorskite: potters extracted the mineral from two mines in Yucatán -- one in Sacalum and the other near the city of Ticul at a location called Yo' Sah Kab.
As part of his research, Arnold noted Terminal Classic (800-1000 AD) pottery and other signs of ancient site occupation at both of the modern sources. This suggested that the mines were used by the Maya as sources for the palygorskite used in Maya Blue. However, further tests were needed to convincingly link the present-day mines with the ancient Maya.
Between 1965 and 1997, Dean Arnold and Bruce E. Bohor of the United States Geological Survey collected 33 samples of the mineral from the Yucatán region. After mineralogical analysis, it was possible to differentiate between samples of palygorskite based on composition, which meant the palygorskite within specific samples of Maya Blue could be traced to specific locations.
With funding from the National Geographic Society, Arnold and Bohor collected additional 167 samples of palygorskite from five different sites in Yucatan in 2008. The analyses of these samples were then compared to analyses of the Maya Blue pigment found on pottery originally taken from Chichén Itzá and Palenque, Yucatán. The Chichén Itzá material was collected by E. H. Thompson and J. E. S. Thompson in the late 19th and early 20th century and is curated at The Field Museum. These objects were analyzed in the museum's Elemental Analysis Facility (EAF).
The analysis confirmed that all the samples of Maya Blue from the ancient Maya site of Chichén Itzá were created with palygorskite derived from Sacalum, while the Maya Blue samples from Palenque could have been from Sacalum, Yo' Sah Kab, or another unknown source.
"Utilizing ground-breaking chemical sourcing techniques, we have unlocked data from collections held in The Field Museum for more than 100 years," reported The Field Museum's EAF Director and Curator and Chair of Anthropology, Ryan Williams.
"The data resulting from this study provides definitive evidence that Sacalum was the source for palygorskite used in Maya Blue from Chichén Itzá," Williams added.
Noting that the ancient Maya would have been limited by available technology and using this new data, senior author Arnold and his colleagues argue that sources of palygorskite for the ancient Maya were limited by available technology and the ancient landscape. Thus, Sacalum and Yo' Sah Kab, because of their accessibility and size, would have been prime sources of palygorskite used by the ancient Maya.
"Overall this study illustrates the key benefits of scientific teamwork to unravel the mysteries of a key ancient technology," said study participant and Field Museum curator, Gary Feinman.

Source : http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120402113107.htm

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THE JERSEY DEVIL Legend or Truth?

By | Published Sabtu, 12 Mei 2012

The historic states along America’s Atlantic Seaboard have given birth to hundreds of ghostly tales and unusual stories over the years. One of the strangest is undoubtedly that of the Jersey Devil, a creature that is believed by some to be a mythical creature and by others, a real-life monster of flesh and blood. Its origins date back to when New Jersey was still a British colony.
According to the legend, Mrs. Jane Leeds came from a poor family who eked out an existence in the Pine Barrens of Jersey, a rugged place with vast forests, sandy soil and patches of swamp. In 1735, Mrs. Leeds discovered that she was pregnant with her 13th child. She complained to her friends and relatives that the “Devil can take the next one”, and he did. When the baby was born, he was monster! He immediately took on a grotesque appearance and grew to more than 20 feet long, with a reptilian body, a horse’s head, bat wings and a long, forked tail. He thrashed about the Leeds home for a bit and then vanished up the chimney. The creature, or the “Jersey Devil” as he was dubbed, began haunting the Pine Barrens.

The New Jersey Pine Barrens
As the story spread, even grown men declined to venture out at night. It was said that the beast carried off large dogs, geese, cats, small livestock and even occasional children. The children were never seen again, but the animal remains were often found. The Devil was also said to dry up the milk of cows by breathing on them and to kill off the fish in the streams, threatening the livelihood of the entire region.
In 1740, the frightened residents begged a local minister to exorcize the creature and the stories stated that the exorcism would last 100 years, however the Devil returned to the Pine Barrens on at least two occasions before the century was over. Legend has it that naval hero Commodore Stephen Decatur visited the Hanover Iron Works in the Barrens in 1800 to test the plant’s cannonballs. One day on the firing range, he noticed a strange creature winging overhead. Taking aim, he fired at the monster and while some say that his shot struck it, the Devil continued on its path.

A Map of Jersey Devil Sightings
(Rosemary Ellen Guiley)
The second sighting took place a few years later and this time the Devil was seen by another respected witness. Joseph Bonaparte, the former king of Spain and the brother of Napoleon, leased a country house near Bordertown from 1816 to 1839. He reported seeing the Jersey Devil while hunting game one day in the Pine Barrens.
In 1840, as the minister warned, the Devil returned and brought terror to the region once again. It snatched sheep from their pens and preyed on children who lingered outside after sunset. People all across South Jersey locked their doors and hung a lantern on the doorstep, hoping to keep the creature away.
The stories continued to be told and the lore of the Devil was recalled throughout the 1800’s, although actual sightings of the creature were few. Then, in 1909, the Jersey Devil returned again and literally thousands of people spotted the monster or saw his footprints. It became so bad that schools closed and people refused to go outside.
A police officer named James Sackville spotted the monster while walking his beat one night. He was passing along a dark alley when a winged creature hopped into the street and let out a horrific scream. Sackville fired his revolver at the beast but it spread its wings and vanished into the air.
 In spite of the sightings, the beast was always considered a regional legend until the bizarre flap in 1909, which even the most skeptical researchers admit contains authentic elements of the unexplained. Many people saw the creature during the month of January, including E.W. Minster, the postmaster of Bristol, Pennsylvania, which is just over the New Jersey border. He stated that he awoke around 2:00 in the morning and heard an “eerie, almost supernatural” sound coming from the direction of the Delaware River. He looked out the window and saw what looked to be a “large crane” that was flying diagonally and emitting a curious glow. The creature had a long neck that was thrust forward in flight, thin wings, long back legs and shorter ones in the front. The creature let out a combination of a squawk and a whistle and then disappeared into the darkness.
Sightings continued. On January 19, 1909, Mr. and Mrs. Nelson Evans were awakened in the early morning by the sound of a large animal on the roof of their shed. They described it as: “about three and a half feet high, with a face like a collie and a head like a horse. It had a long neck, wings about two feet long and its back legs were like those of a crane and it had horse’s hooves. It walked on its back legs and held up two short front legs with paws on them.”
One afternoon of that same week, a Mrs. J.H, White was taking clothes off her line when she noticed a strange creature huddled in the corner of her yard. She screamed and fainted and her husband rushed out the back door to find his wife on the ground and the Devil close by, “spurting flames”. She chased the monster with a clothesline prop and it leapt over the fence and vanished.
A short time later, the creature struck again. This time, it attacked a dog belonging to Mrs. Mary Sorbinski in south Camden. When she heard the cry of her pet in the darkness, she dashed outside and drove the Devil away with a broom. The creature fled, but not before tearing a chunk of flesh from the dog. Mrs. Sorbinski carried her wounded pet inside and immediately called the police.
By the time that patrolmen arrived, a crowd of more than 100 people were gathered at the house. The crowd was witness to the piercing screams that suddenly erupted from nearby. The police officers emptied their revolvers at the shadow that loomed against the night sky, but the Devil escaped once again.
Eyewitness accounts of the Devil filled the newspapers, as well as photos and reports of cloven footprints that had been found in yards, woods and parking lots. The Philadelphia Zoo offered a $10,000 reward for the capture of the Devil, but there were no takers.
Then, as suddenly as it had come, the Devil vanished again.
The creature did not return again until 1927. A cab driver was changing a tire one night while headed for Salem. He had just finished when his car began shaking violently. He looked up to see a gigantic, winged figure pounding on the roof of his car. The driver, leaving his jack and flat tire behind, jumped into the car and quickly drove away. He reported the encounter to the Salem police.
In August 1930, berry pickers at Leeds Point and Mays Landing reported seeing the Devil, crashing through the fields and devouring blueberries and cranberries. It was reported again two weeks later to the north and then it disappeared again.
In November 1951, a group of children were allegedly cornered by the Devil at the Duport Clubhouse in Gibbstown. The creature bounded away without hurting anyone but reports claimed that it was spotted by dozens of witnesses before finally vanishing again.
Sightings continued here and there for years and then peaked once more in 1960 when bloodcurdling cries terrorized a group of people near Mays Landing. State officials tried to calm the nervous residents but no explanation could be found for the weird sounds. Policemen nailed signs and posters everywhere stating that the Jersey Devil was a hoax, but curiosity-seekers flooded into the area anyway. Harry Hunt, who owned the Hunt Brothers Circus, offered $100,000 for the capture of the beast, hoping to add it to his sideshow attractions. Needless to say, the monster was never snared.
The most recent sighting of the creature was said to have been in 1993 when a forest ranger named John Irwin was driving along the Mullica River in southern New Jersey. He was startled to find the road ahead of him blocked by the Jersey Devil. He described it as being about six-feet tall with horns and matted black fur. Could this have been the reported Jersey Devil - or some other creature altogether? Irwin stated that he and the creature stared at one another for several minutes before the monster finally turned and ran into the forest.
Today, there are only a few, isolated sightings of the Jersey Devil. It seems as though the paved roads, electric lights and modern conventions that have come to the region over the course of two and a half centuries have driven the monster so far into hiding that it has vanished altogether. The lack of proof of the monster’s existence in these modern times leads many to believe the Devil was nothing more than a creation of New Jersey folklore. But was it really?
If it was merely a myth, then how do we explain the sightings of the creature and the witness accounts from reliable persons like businessmen, police officers and even public officials? They are not easy to dismiss as hearsay or the result of heavy drinking. Could the Jersey Devil have been real after all? And if so, is it still out there in the remote regions of the Pine Barrens - just waiting to be found?

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Sun-like star may harbor alien life

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unsolvedmystery- Our solar system is rather unique. It is a spinning disk with the sun in the center, of which is surrounded by four terrestrial - or rocky - planets, an asteroid belt, four gas giants and five dwarf planets. Many other star systems have been discovered, but many just don’t fit the bill for likeness to our own. For one, many of these systems have Hot Jupiters, inner planets the size of - and sometimes larger than - the planet Jupiter.

To occasionally break the rule, scientists have discovered a new star called HP 56948. HP 56948 is remarkably similar to our own sun. It has relatively the same mass as our sun and, as well, it is a G2V (yellow dwarf) sharing chemical composition and temperatures with our sun. It also has planets revolving around it.

However, sharing characteristics with our own sun doesn’t say that the HP 56948 system has planets similar to our Earth that can support life. Many Hot Jupiters revolve around a star very similar to our star (like 51 Pegasi b, also called Bellerophon). Here’s where it gets interesting, though: astronomers have not detected a short-period wobble on HP 56948, meaning that no Hot Jupiter would be that close to the star (If otherwise, its gigantic size would influence its sun to create a wobble).

If there were no (or at least not many) Hot Jupiters revolving around HP 56948, then could there be terrestrial planets? Perhaps even some in the “Goldilocks zone“? The chemical composition of the star suggests so. It has an amount of silicon, magnesium, aluminum and calcium similar to our sun, elements of which are usually found in asteroids, rocky planets and interplanetary dust.

Could HP 56948 have inner system planets similar to our own and beloved planet? If so, could there be intelligent life on one of them? Could this star have formed around the same time as our sun? If so, it would give extraterrestrials the same amount of time as us to evolve. Perhaps they even have evolved to be an intelligent civilization.

HP 56948 is just one of many new exoplanets that possibly hosts life out there and it is a beneficial contribution to astrology and possibly the future of astrobiology.

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10 Unsolved Mysteries of Outer Space !!!

By | Published Jumat, 06 April 2012

Unsolved mystery - At some point in our lives we will all share the same thought: is there more out there than we are aware of? And what if everything we knew – our whole universe – was just a speck of dust in comparison to the endless possibilities that remain untouched in outer space? The thoughts are mind-boggling and always lead to more questions: can we really believe that we are alone in this universe? Are the government’s withholding information from us? Are there other realms? Will we ever discover the answers to these mysteries? Here are ten unsolved mysteries and conspiracy theories from outer space.

1. Multiverse (Parallel Universes)

Image source - astroweb
Multiverse, or meta-universe, is the hypothetical notion of several univeres in space including our own. The term was coined in 1895 by the American philosopher and psychologist William James. The idea is that the multi universes work together to make everything we know exist: the entirety of space and time, all forms of matter, energy and momentum, and the physical laws and constants that govern them. Many scientists dismiss this idea as mere speculation. Humans are unlikely to ever discover whether this is true as they only way to find out would be to travel through the multiple universes.

2. Portals Connecting Universes

Image source - visionsmagazineonline
A study has been conducted into this theory, which began by focusing on quantum teleportation. This is deemed to be successful in relocating the ‘quantum state’ of smaller objects across spatial distances but did not succeed in replicating the original object which was destroyed in the process. This means that the new object at the destination has the ‘quantum state’ or essence of the ‘original object’ but is reconstituted with a new set of atoms, molecules, etc. Q-Teleportation (as it is known) has been successful on smaller objects according to the study.

3. Earth and Mars were once One Entity

Image source - treehugger
The colonisation of Mars by humans is a rumour as well as a case of serious study. Why so? Because the surface conditions and availability of water on Mars make it arguably the most hospitable planet in the solar system other than Earth. Conspiracy theorists over the years have long debated that life exists on the planet and that NASA are covering up the truth. A lot of photos have also called into question civilization on Mars, such as the face on Mars, Pyramids on Mars, and even a recent picture of what appears to be an ape like figure sitting on a rock on Mars! While most scientists lambast these pictures as hoaxes others claim that Mars was once attached to Earth and life forms remained on Mars when the two planets seperated.

4. Dark Energy

Image source - stsci.edu
Dark energy is believed to be the biggest mystery of our universe. In physical cosmology, astronomy and celestial mechanics, dark energy is a hypothetical form of energy that permeates all of space and tends to increase the rate of expansion of the universe. By the law of gravity, large objects, like galaxy clusters, should attract each other, and their gravitational pull should pull in other objects. This however, is not the case, and the fact is most galaxy clusters are moving farther apart. The best explanation for this is dark energy. It is believed that 74% of the total mass-energy of the universe is made up of dark energy. The exact nature of dark energy is speculation but what is known is that it does not interact with any other forces apart from gravity.

5. Dark Matter

Image source - symmetrymagazine
Albert Einstein’s equation E = MC^2 is perhaps the best known equation of the century. When this is applied to space though to determine how much matter the universe should have, only 4% of matter is found! So where is the rest of it you ask? In astronomy and cosmology, dark matter is a theoretical form of matter that is undetectable by its emitted radiation, but whose presence can be inferred from gravitational effects on visible matter. Dark matter and dark energy are therefore believed to account for the majority of the mass in the observable universe.

6. Extraterrestrial Life

Image source - telegraph
There are many theories behind extraterrestrial life. One such theory is that it may have emerged, independently, from different places in the universe, while an alternative suggestion is panspermia or exogenesis, which means life began in one location and then spread to other habitable planets. Extraterrestrial life has a number of meanings as well; from simple forms of bacteria to sapient beings more advanced than humans. Two of the most original sightings of UFOs came from the 60s; one from an astronaught, Major Gordon Cooper, whose sighting of a solid, glowing, greenish object ahead of him was picked up by the tracking station back on Earth and the second sighting coming from a NASA pilot, Joseph Walker, who filmed five or six UFOs during his record breaking fifty-mile-high flight in April, 1962. NASA never comment though, preferring to brush such occasions under the rug which only adds fuel to the mystery.

7. Sounds from Outer Space

Image source - eknori
Sound waves were detected by Cassini’s radio wave and plasma science instrument (RPWS) on December 8, 2000, at a distance of about 23 million kilometers (14 million miles) from Jupiter. The eerie sounds that were picked up are likely to have derived from an interaction of the magnetic field that surrounds Jupiter and the solar wind of particles speeding away from the Sun. There is speculation that the sounds could be those of exploding stars but this is highly unlikely as dark matter is too dense for sound waves to travel through. Another logical explanation that uncovers the truth or keeps it hidden?

8. Ruins on the Moon

Image source - cleveland.indymedia
Sergeant Karl Wolfe has explained how he came to bear witness of unidentified shapes which resemble towers and even half-a-mile in size structures on the moon. Whilst in a private area of the Langley Air Force Base a colleague showed him pictures of the moon which revealed a mysterious base as well as the mysterious structures. Before they were to be released to the public though they were to be airbrushed out. Watch the video of Karl Wolfe below to listen to his explanation and see the images that were smudged out by NASA.

9. Super Earth

Image source - crystalinks
Since the turn of the century hundreds of new solar planets have been discovered orbiting distant stars, much like our own sun. Some of these planets are described as Earth-like, such as Gliese 581d, a planet believed to have liquid water on its surface. Because of its mass, which is 7 and 14 times that of Earth’s, it has been categorised as a Super Earth. In late April 2009, new observations by the original discovery team concluded that the planet is within the habitable zone and therefore life could exist. Another theory though says Gliese 581 d is probably too massive to be made only of rocky material, but it is speculated that it is an icy planet that is migrating closer to a dying star making it of no benefit to humans.

10. Simulacrum in Eagle Nebula M16 and SSC2005-23A Nebula

Image source - gamyhan
Yes its full name is a mouthful and would take a week to pronounce in its entirety so we’ll refer to it as Eagle Nebula as everyone does! The Eagle Nebula is a cluster of stars in the constellation Serpens, which was discovered by Jean-Philippe de Cheseaux in 1745-46. It was given its name because its shape is resemblant to that of an eagle. When this close-up image of the Eagle Nebula star-forming gas and dust pillars was shown to the world on CNN on Thursday November 2 1995 (taken by the Hubble Space Telescope), the phone lines went crazy with hundreds of people claiming to see a face in the star cloud. Scientist have not been able to explain this phenomena. Can you see it?

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Purple snow in Russian

By | Published Rabu, 28 Maret 2012

 

Unsolved mystery: Some lucky people living in southern Russia got to experience something very unusual the other day - purple snow. Yes, you read that correctly. Purple snow. Russian scientists who have analyzed it believe that the unusual colored snow is the result a massive dust cyclone from Africa entering the upper atmosphere and then mixing with snow clouds over Russia. Or something like that.  In any event, the scientists say that the snow is perfectly safe but they do not recommend eating the purple snow.  Do people in Russia regularly do that?  Perhaps with all of the purple snow some Russians might get confused and think that it is raining ice cream.  In any event, this is truly one of the most unusual weather events that we have seen in the world lately.  Russian scientists may think that they know what caused the purple snow, but as for us, we still plan to label it as one of the world's great unexplained mysteries.

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Our Top Scientists Are Now Telling Us That Life Once Lived On Mars, That We Can Predict The Future And That Time Travel Is Possible?

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Unsolved mystery : Once upon a time, the only people who seemed to be talking about life on Mars, predicting the future and time travel were science fiction fanatics and the mentally unstable.  But today, our top scientists are actually telling us that all of these things are real.  Things that once appeared to be great unexplained mysteries are seemingly opening up to the world of science.  Or maybe our top scientists are becoming mentally unstable.  One way or the other, things that were once forbidden to talk about in the scientific community are becoming headline news.  In fact some of the top scientists of the world are saying things that are literally mind blowing.  Just consider some of the things that our top scientists have been telling us lately.... 
*NASA scientists recently declared that Mars "once was, and maybe still is, home to life".  Of course the "life" they are talking about is not little green men, but this is still a stunning development.
*Google has invested in a startup company that claims to be able to predict the future.  Perhaps they could send some stock tips our way if they are feeling extra generous.
*Famed scientist Stephen Hawking actually believes that the Large Hadron Collider could potentially be used to build a time machine.  In fact, Hawking claims that humans might one day be able to use time travel to skip generations into the future.
Would you actually want to see how your great, great, great, great grandchildren turned out?
It is interesting to think about at least.
So what do you think?
Have NASA, Google and Stephen Hawking totally gone off their rockers or are they on to something?  Feel free to leave a comment with your opinion....

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Giant Footprints

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Did giants once roam the earth?  Most people are absolutely astounded to learn that, yes, there is a tremendous amount of evidence that giants once existed on this planet.  Sadly, most of this evidence has been suppressed by the "scientific community" because it does not fit in with the evolutionary narrative that we are all supposed to believe.  Any evidence that emerges that threatens the theory of evolution (especially if it supports the Bible) is rapidly "reinterpreted", hushed up or brushed under the rug.  The reality is that most members of the "scientific community" will simply not even consider any evidence that giants once existed because according to them it "can't" possibly be true.  Their preconceptions make it impossible for them to consider evidence that is staring them right in the face.  In the rest of this article we will discuss some of the giant footprints that have been found and much of the other evidence for giants that has been found all over the earth.  Try to keep an open mind as you view this evidence.
Let's start with Goliath’s Footprint in South Africa.  A picture of Goliath's Footprint can be seen at the top of this article.  This giant footprint is located near the town of Mpaluzi, close to the Swaziland border.  It is approximately four feet long and it is starting to get a lot more publicity around the globe.
The following is video of this amazing footprint.  If you look carefully, you can even see that there were five toes and that the big toe was the largest of the toes.  This video is absolutely amazing....
Evolutionary scientists say that this footprint is somewhere between 200 million and 3 billion years old.
Of course that is complete and total hogwash, but it does lead to an interesting point.
Over the years, a whole host of "human footprints" have been found in rock layers that are supposed to be millions upon millions of years old.
For example, the following comes from an article about the discovery of 70 human footprints in a rock layer that was "supposed" to be 3.6 million years old....
In 1976 famed anthropologist Mary Leaky discovered 70 human footprints in stone in Tanzania known as the Laetoli tracks. Leaky felt they looked like they were made by modern human beings, but that created a problem. The depressions left by our ancestors were in a stratum dated at 3.6 million years. No modern human could have laid down that track since we were not around yet according to evolution.
Since humans were not supposed to have been around back then, obviously that creates a huge problem for evolutionary scientists.
Instead of letting the evidence lead them to conclusions, they take their preconceived theories and try to force the evidence to fit into them.
Getting back to giant footprints, most people simply do realize that they have even been found inside the United States.
For example, the following comes from an article that appeared in the Hayward Semi-Weekly on September 29th 1925....
The footprint, thought to be of prehistoric origin, discovered by James Higgins high on the rock formations of Bushy Peak, is claimed to be duplicated in at least two other spots in Washington Township.
Pioneer residents claim a “footprint” similar to the description given by Higgins of the one on Bushy Peak, only of greater size can be seen on the John Bunting ranch near the Mission San Jose.
This footprint measures nearly eight feet in its length. It is said, and is very deeply embedded In solid rock.
The third mysterious foot mark is said to hare been seen on the Indian Reservation, near the Pleasant Valley road, between Sunol and Pleasanton. This foot-print, like the others, is of immense size and deeply marked on a granite cliff.
This next example comes from an article that appeared in the Oakland Tribune on October 6th, 1926....
The discovery by Professor George D. Louderback of the University of California of depressions resembling the footprints of prehistoric man and animals on a cliff near San Jose about five feet in length, are to present an absolutely new problem to anthropologists.
The prints tally somewhat with similar impressions found at Livermore some months ago, according to Professor Louderback, with the exception that the Livermore finds were about ten feet in length.
In the early part of the 20th century there were even reports of fossilized giants being found in America.  For example, the following comes from an article that appeared in the Postville Herald on November 7th, 1919....
The fossilized remains of a giant measuring 32 feet 10 Inches in height were, according to a report recently discovered by workmen near the little village of Nanacamilpa, State of Vera Cruz.
The natives, who still cling to many of the traditions of their Indian ancestors, declared the giant was related to the gods of their forefathers.
They erected a catafalque in the plaza on which the giant rested in state for many days, covered with flowers and at night carefully guarded. The discovery attracted the attention of scientists here. Manuel Ganomo director of anthropology at the National museum, expects to leave soon for Nanacamilpa to investigate.
So why have most of us never heard of these things before?
Why does the scientific community continue to insist that giants are a fairytale?
Even as late as the 1960s, giant footprints were being discovered in America.  The following comes from an article posted on the website of Bibleland Studios....
In the late 60’s C.N. Doughtery (co-author of Valley of the Giants) moved to the Glen Rose area and began to hear the same stories of the tracks. But these stories included large man tracks. In their book he explains that when asking the locals how big the human tracks were they would slowly spread their hands apart till about the 18-24 inch mark.
Could man once have been 12 feet tall?
Doughtery walked the river month after month waiting for the right conditions to spot these alleged goliath sized impressions. Two years later his efforts paid off and spotted not one but two giant men tracks. The prints measured 21 and one half inches long and 8 inches across the toes with a seven foot stride from heal to heal. Go ahead and measure across your toes and see what do you get. I have a size 12 EEE foot and it is 4 inches across by 11 inches long. I’m 6’2” tall and my stride from heal to heal is a little over 2 feet with a normal walking gate. If you do the math you will see that a man with 22 inch feet and a 7-foot step would be approximately 12 foot tall!
Some amazing discoveries have been made in other countries as well.  A little over 100 years ago an entire fossilized giant was supposedly found in Ireland.  The following comes from an article about giants on another website....
An article from Strand magazine (December,1895) reprinted in "Traces of the Elder Faiths of Ireland" by W.G. Wood-Martin mentions this fossilized giant discovered during mining operations in County Antrim, Ireland: "Pre-eminent among the most extraordinary articles ever held by a railway company is the fossilized Irish giant, which is at this moment lying at the London and North-Western Railway Company's Broad street goods depot, and a photograph of which is reproduced here. . . This monstrous figure is reputed to have been dug up by a Mr. Dyer whilst prospecting for iron ore in County Antrim. The principal measurements are: entire length, 12ft. 2in.; girth of chest, 6ft. 6in.; and length of arms, 4ft. 6in. There are six toes on the right foot. The gross weight is 2 tons 15cwt.; so that it took half a dozen men and a powerful crane to place this article of lost property in position for the Strand magazine artist. Dyer, after showing the giant in Dublin, came to England with his queer find and exhibited it in Liverpool and Manchester at sixpence, sixpence a head, attracting scientific men as well as gaping sightseers".
Posted below is a picture which is supposed to be of this fossilized giant....
But the evidence for giants is not limited to old discoveries.  As I have written about previously, evidence of giants continues to be found in many areas of the globe.
The photos posted below are of bones from a "giant man" that was discovered near the city of Borjomi, Georgia (not the Georgia in the U.S.) in 1998.  It has been estimated that the "giant man" was about 9 to 10 feet tall and that the skull was about 3 times the size of a normal human skull.
Steve Quayle recently posted these pictures to make a point.  The "accepted version of history" that we all have been taught just does not add up.  There was a whole lot more going on in the ancient world than we were ever allowed to learn.  There are great mysteries about our past that are just now starting to be revealed.
In his recent report, Quayle also mentions a number of other "giant skeleton" discoveries that have been made in Georgia over the last century....
The finding of giants in the Caucasus mountains is nothing new. A Four-meter human skeleton was found by two amateur archaeologist in Georgia near the village of Udabno in the summer of the year 2000, and skeletons of giants were also found at a cave near Gora Kazbek, Georgia in the 1920's, not to mention the discoveries by Soviet scientists in the 1950's.
The truth is that there is abundant evidence of ancient giants all over the globe.  The amazing ruins at Baalbek are just one prominent example.  But most people won't even allow themselves to consider the evidence because it is just "too bizarre".
But all of this does fit in very well with what we find in the Scriptures.  In the Bible, it tells us that giants lived on earth in the days before the Flood.
Genesis 6:4 says this.....
The Nephilim were on the earth in those days—and also afterward—when the sons of God went to the daughters of men and had children by them. They were the heroes of old, men of renown.
The ancient book of Enoch, which is quoted in the Biblical book of Jude, also claims that giants once existed on earth. In Enoch 6:1-3, it tells us that fallen angels came down to earth, took wives and had children with them....
And it came to pass when the children of men had multiplied that in those days were born unto them beautiful and comely daughters. And the angels, the children of the heaven, saw and lusted after them, and said to one another: 'Come, let us choose us wives from among the children of men and beget us children.'
For much more on what the Bible has to say about these giants, please see the following article: "The Truth About UFOs And Aliens"
And for much more information about evidence for giants all over the world, check out this information that Steve Quayle has gathered.
So what do all of you think about this evidence that giants once lived on this earth?
Feel free to leave a comment with your thoughts below....

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